There is No Diety Except Allah

Prophet Muhammad was born in 575 CE in Mecca. His father, Abdulla, died several weeks before his birth. His mother died when he was six years old. He was raised by his paternal grandfather”Abd al Mutatalib” until the age of eight, and after his grandfather’s death by Abu Talib, his uncle. Muhammad was a descendant of Prophet Ismail. When he was twenty-five, he got marry with a merchant widow, named Khadijah. At that time, Khadijah was twice widowed. Muhammad and Khadijah were the parents of six children, four daughters and two sons. Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him), had many affects on the people’s life generally. He introduced Allah to the people. He taught the people to behave respectably with each other, and try to cheer up the people. He made almost the people to be honest because he was known as honest among the people.

The best thing that Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh), has made clear a lot of necessary subjects that the people were worried about on that time. The best one is introducing God to the people. The mission of Prophet Muhammad was to restore the worship of the one True God, the creator and sustainer of the universe. He could clear to people that Allah is the proper name of the one True God. Who doesn’t have a partner or associate, and he didn’t beget nor was he begotten. Also the word Allah doesn’t have plural or gender. This information about Allah was very necessary in that time because people were living without thinking. Each nation or a group of people has chosen their own God. .He could make the people to accept Islam by testifying that “There is no Deity (worthy of worship) except Allah (The one True God) and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah” according to the Qur’an. This was made the people to think about a lot of things, for example, creating human and universe. Also he changed the community to think about creating human by publishing Qur’an among them, and he explained every parts of Qur’an that Allah sent it to him by an angel who named Gibrel. Allah has sent Qur’an to Muhammad step by step by step. Also Muhammad has explained it to the people, and he has published it among the people. Qur’an is a book that included much information about every cases concerning Humanity life: Such as creating universe, human, Sun. stars, moon…Etc. Scientist are collect a lot of information concerning the natural event and creating human by dealing with information on the Qur’an.

Muhammad was popularly known as "Al-Ameen" for his unimpeachable character by the people. The title Al-Ameen means the honest and the trust worthy. It is describe the personal quality of honesty that is so complete, and it cannot be doubted or criticized. Muhammad has always advised the people to be honest because he thought that it is the best habit to the people's personality. Although Islam is very strange and eccentric to the people at first, but Prophet Muhammad was well known by honest; therefore most of them trusted him. Honesty is a good habit that our Prophet taught us. Honesty is the best habit among the people because it is the best way to make the people live with peace life. Honesty can make the people to think about each other like one family. It can make the people to help, and protect each other in any cases.

All in all, I totally agree with my Prophet's recommendation concerning life, religion, heaven, and hell. He is the only one that has many good effects on my life. Every good behavior's that I do is only refers to his advises. He is the only one that his speeches have many effects on me.

When Not to Use Your Head

For on time or another, probbably everyone has had the feeling that something just wasn't right even for one time or more than onw times, and also, everyone has had the opposite idea. Nowadays, after a long time of study, psycologistists think that they figured out the definitation of intuition and the ways of using it. Some professors Malcom Westcott, for example, reported among the people to find out why some people are better than the others to solve the problems. According to Dr. Westcott, "this knowledge and experience we carry inside is a key component of intuition." Also, according to Herbert Simon ( A nobel prize winner at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburg), we can improve our punches throw experience. many successful people in their careers such as science, bussiness, the arts, and sports stated that their successful is obtained via many parts of their intuition. Many experts think that doing homework, getting out from the problems, belivie in experience, and double checking hunches are the best gude to discover the ways of using our intuitions.

What is Islam?

Islam is an Arabic word which means: to submit or surrender to God, and those who accept Islam means those who have accepted the message of peace by submission to God are known as Muslims. Islam is the second largest category of religions in the world.

The Prophet of Islam is Muhammad (Pbuh). He was forty, during the month of Ramadan; he received the first revelation from the Angel Gabriel. The cave Hira in the mountain Jabal-Al-Nour was a place where the Prophet Muhammad received his first revelation. Gabriel visited him as commended by Allah. Allah is the proper name in Arabic for the one and only God, the creator and sustainer of the universe. Gabriel also visited the Prophet throughout his mission. On the first appearance, Gabriel told Muhammad:"Iqraa" which means read or recite. He answered, "I cannot read," because he had not received any formal education and did not know how to read or write. The Angel Gabriel embraced him until he reached the limit of his endurance and after releasing said, "Iqraa" Muhammad's answer was the same as before. Gabriel repeated the embrace for the third time, asked him to repeat after him and said:

Recite in the name of your Lord who created! He created man from what which clings. Recite and thy Lord is most Bountiful, who has taught by pen, taught man what he knew not.

These revelations are first five verses of Surah(chapter) of the Qur'an. Thus, it was in the year 610 CE the revelation began.

When Muhammad reached his home, he was tired and frightened. He asked Khadija(his wife) to cover him with a blanket. After his fear had somewhat a bated, his wife asked him about the reason of his great anxiety and fear. After that, he told his wife the whole story and added that he is expected Prophet. Khadija accepted the revelation as truth and was the first person to accept Islam.

The revelations that he received were sometimes a few verses, part of chapter or the whole chapter. Some of them came down in response to an inquiry by nonbelievers. The revealed verses were recorded on a variety of available materials such as leather, palm, leaves, bark, and shoulder bones of animals. They memorized as soon as they were revealed and recited in daily prayers by Muslims. Also, the Angel Gabriel taught him the order and arrangement of verses in that order.

Koran is the most holy book in Islam. All the revealed verses (over a period 23 years and ending 632 CE) were complied in the Qur'an. Name Qur'an appears in the revealed verses. The Qur'an doesn't contain even a word from the Prophet. It speaks to the first person, Allah's commitments to his creation.

Ka'bah and Mosque are the most two sacred place in the world according two Muslims’ belief. Every year a large number of Muslims will visit Ka'bah to pray from God to forgive them from their sins that they committed. God will forgive them from almost of their sins that they have committed before.

Also, Mosque is a very sacred place for Muslims. Almost of their prayers will do in it. Most of the Muslims will go to Mosque for pray. There are five different times to pray in Isalmic religion during the day and night. Also, Muslims will are using to throwing their mourning cermony in it.

At the beginning, Islam had not many followers. The first few people who followed this message were: The Prophet Muhammad's cousin Ali, his servant Zayd ibn Harithah(son of Harithah), his friend Abu Bakr, his wife, and his daughters. They Accepted Islam by testifying that:

There is no Deity (worthy of worship) except Allah (The One True God), and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah.This was a key for anyone who wanted to be a Muslim at that time, and it is still remain the same thing for anyone who wanted to be a Muslim now.

At the first time, Muhammad published Islam among his relatives and friends secretly. In the first three years of his mission, forty people (Men and women) accepted Islam. This small group comprised of youth as well as older people. Publishing Islam in the secret way has been continued for three years.

After three years, the Prophet was directed by a recent revelation to start preaching Islam to everyone. Then, he began to recite revelations to people in public and invite them to Islam.The Quraish, leaders of Makkah, took his preaching with hostility. The most hostile and closest to him was his uncle Abu Lahab and his wife. Initially, they and other leaders of Quraish tried to bribe him money and power including an offer to make him king if he was to abandon his message. When this did not work, they tried to convince his uncle Abulahab to accept the best young man of Makkah in place Muhammad and to allow him to kill Muhammad. His uncle tried to persuade him to stop perching, but the Prophet said: Oh uncle, if they were put the sun in my right hand, and the moon in my left hand to stop me from preaching Islam, I would never stop. I will keep preaching until Allah makes Islam prevail or I die.

At the end of his mission, the Prophet was blessed with several hundred followers (men and women) of Islam. Thousands listened to him at the mosque and listened to his sermon.


Islam mentioned twenty-five Prophets in the Qur'an by names. It is also mentions four previously revealed scriptures: Suhoof(Pages) of Ibrahim,(Abraham), Taurat (Torah) as revealed to Prophet Moses, Zuboor (Psalms) as revealed to the Prophet David, and Injeel(Evangel) as revealed to the Prophet Jesus(Pbuh).All in All, Islam requires belief in all Prophets and revealed scriptures as a part of the Articles faith. Muhammad greatly respected as the model of Qur'anic behavior. Muslims mention his name by adding "peace be upon him." a phrase used with the name of all Prophets.


All in All, Islam started in a cave with a few number of followers, but it improved and published among the people till most of the people knew about it. It began with two followers, but they increased step by step until a large numbers. There are 16,000,000 Muslims in the world now, and this number will increase day after day. Islam from the unusual relegion has become the second largest religion in the world.

The cave Hira in the mountain Jabal al-Nour Muhammad received his first revelation.

What is the working class dream?

While some people dedicate their lives to escaping their working class backgrounds others have no interest in climbing a class ladder, says Laurie Taylor in his weekly column.

Back in the early 70s, the most played record on the Essex Students' Union juke box was We've Got to Get Out of This Place by The Animals. I remember thinking when I heard this news that there was something wonderfully ironic about so many middle class students being able to enjoy the privilege of higher education while simultaneously protesting about the nature of the institution which sought to provide it.

But I also know that my irritation was strengthened by memories of people who really did feel trapped by their circumstances, who desperately desired to get out of their allocated space.

Nobody fought harder than Tony Williams. We were classmates at secondary school for several years before we became friends (I learned later that he'd been afraid to speak to me because I was what he called "a bit la-de-dah"). But even before we started sharing a social life, before we started hanging around chip shops drinking illegal pints of mild and shouting ourselves hoarse in the Boys Pen at Anfield, I knew that Tony was very different from other boys in the class.

For a start there was his handwriting. When ever I turned around during a particularly boring part of a History or RI lesson, I'd spot Tony writing his name over and over again on a blank page in his exercise book. Tony Williams. Tony Williams. Tony Williams. Tony Williams.

And if that was not strange enough, there was also the peculiar bussiness of his voice. When I first knew Tony he'd had a basic raucous Liverpool accent. But by the time he got to the fifth form, he'd developed a much softer tone and odd way rounding his mouth as he spoke as though he was consciously forming each syllable.

I only discovered what lay behind these peculiar practices when we were firm enough friends to talk about what we might do when we left school. After I'd rather airily talked about the bohemian future I fancied for myself, Tony began, very slowly, to give me a picture of his intended future.

And what a picture! Tony slowly told me that what he wanted most of all in the world was to become middle-class. He wanted to get out of the poor terrace house in Bootle which he shared with his widowed dad and gradually climb the social ladder until finally he could move into his dream, into a large detached old house in a country village in the South of England. He told me that he could see this house with absolute clarity, see the ways in which the shadows of the large trees in the garden fell across the manicured lawn, see the tray of full spirit bottles sitting on the antique dresser in the corner of the oak-beamed living room.

It was the desire, the obsession, to realise this dream which informed almost every aspect of Tony's life. If he was going to escape from working class life then he'd have to learn to pass as middle class. This was the reason behind all those hours of handwriting practise, all those hours he'd devoted to replacing his crude scouse accent with a soft slightly over-articulated whisper.

This was also the reason why Tony was only ever to be found reading good books (Dickens and Austen) rather than the Hank Jansense which circulated in the playground. It was the reason he played Mozart at home on his wind-up gramophone rather than Frankie Laine and Johnny Ray. It was I believe the reason he married a lower middle class girl called Veronica who came from the posh part of crosby.

And it was a success story. If you want to find Tony now, all you need to do is drive to a small village in Cambridgeshire, look out for a large detached country house, and there he'll be, sitting back in a well-upholstered armchair, a large whisky in his hand, Cosi Fan Tutte on the Cd player.

He's very successful solicitor, a man of means, a local figure. He has realised his dream. He's got out of the working class and become so thoroughly middle class that one-one would ever imagine his origins.

But not all working-class children and teenagers ascribe to that dream. Despite being offered a whole set of choice points in their lives where they might leave their proletarian roots behind and take a different track to their parents, they still decide, sometimes unthinkingly, to stay where they feel comfortable, to stay true to their class of origin.

Is English the King Language around the World?!

"Texting has accelerated a tendency the Englishing of world languages.” In this sentence, Louis Menand, has stated that texting throughout the world has increased way beyond any expectations, an average of millions text messages are exchange every day in the world. For example, as our lifestyles have changed by everything becoming faster it has become a necessity for a quick and easy way of communicating between people of which texting has filled that void, people would have previously noted down to say or discuss there for more thought put into what they were going to say. Texting has also accelerated a tendency for people to use English rather than their native tongue because messages are transferred across the world and across languages making it easier for a common language of which English meet that requirement.

Also, he says, “Texting has probably done some damages to the planet’s cultural ecology to lingo diversity. People are better to communicate across national borders.” Which means: Texting has probably done some damage to the planet's cultural ecology; people don't have the interaction though direct conversation due to texting. Direct communication between families and friends have lessened which results in the breakdown of the family unity as we knew it ten years ago, the speed at which we live our lives lends itself to the convenience of text messages for fast and quick results. Mobile telephones are like an addition to our body, we feel cannot survive without. Through text message, even though in English the language is changing and which is also harmful to grammar and understanding of the English language, people are better to communicate across national borders, but there are variations which are integrated into many languages.
I agree with the writer because he is completely right about the disadvantaging of text messaging. Textures are using to use English language rather than the other languages because it is much easier than the others to use. There are two points behind using English as a language of texting by the textures. First, the words of its is much easier than the other languages to give an idea. The textures can use shorthand in their texting, which means, they can write many ideas through few words. Second, English is a first an international language in the world, and it is a program of every country’s’ system of education. So, it makes it to spread and everyone be familiar with it around the world. English is a language that‘ll be use by everyone for the first meeting and start a conversations. For example, when you are texting and joining a chartroom, you probably will use English. The reason is, because most of the people might understand you.
Most of the people would like to use text messaging because they think that it’s quick and it is much cheaper to a phone call. In my opinion, for one, really short messages like a quick notice or one-word command, it is just as fast as calling, and it’s much cheaper. On the other hand, sometime making a phone call might be cheaper than sending messages because misunderstanding in a text message can cost just as much, or even more than a phone call. For example, two people with different vocabularies may interpret things differently. So, requests for clarifications or asking “what do you mean…?” provide the overhead in terms of price. So, as we can see, text messaging is useful only to a certain degree. For things that are much more complex such as instruction sets and questions with legenthy answers, it probably is much better to make a phone call instead of texting.
I agree with the author who said that English causes damages to the cultural ecology because it seems that people are careless about their native languages. Each state has its own mother tongue as the official language. It must be keep, defend, and improve by its speakers. According to the prophet Muhammad’s speech, “If a person reject o belong his nation and native language, then he is not Muslim.” So, we can see that the Prophet Muhammad blame those people who deny their native language, and he oblige them to protect their nation, culture, and mother tongue from being lose. Nowadays, most of the people are very sexist about their nation or native language. They will argue and complain anyone who says anything concerning their nations, but they don’t have any subject behind their complaining. They just have talking without practicing. However, they protect their nation by talking; on the other hand, they will use another language to communication, texting…etc without caring about their native language. For example, English is a language that controlled all of the dialogs in the world. For instance, in Kurdistan many people don’t care about Kurdish language. They disagree with it because they think that it is useless language around the world and it is not an international language like English or Arabic…etc. So, they will avoid using it step by step. I can see that English has many bad effects in improving and separating my native language. I can find out that Kurdish bit by bit goes to be less uses among the people especially in texting or emailing. I’m sure that more than 90% of people in my country will use English as their texting. Most of them just use Latin words. It has many bad effects because it might cause lose our native language. If all of us avoid using our words in our native language, and then it might cause lose our mother tongue, too. Many students have better handwriting in English rather than Kurdish because of their less using it. So, English will cover the languages step by step. Two years ago, every headline on TV, news…etc was written in Kurdish words, but now they are changing to English words. Also, English will stop my language from being improving. For instance, in the 2008, the LG Company created a mobile in Kurdish language. Most of the people were not buy it because they thought that it was difficult to use. They thought that using programs in English much easier than using Kurdish. So, the company stopped making it because it figured out that it is useless by the people. If people had pleasure with using it at that time, then it might have been a very good step to spread Kurdish and its culture around the world, Kurdish nation and its nation would introduced by it. I agree that using English language is advantageous to communicate in areas like travelling, education, art, and business, but it shouldn’t be a national language.
In conclusion, English is the language to do business. It should never be the official language. Using one language would break down barriers between the people and increase unity in their country. Therefore, using English as the one language would help in making ties with the developed nations. Because there is no way we can stop the popularity of text messaging, so we have to embrace it and keep pace with the speed at which the technology is developing. Personally, we have to make a conscious effort to try to keep communication outside of text active so that we don’t have a complete breakdown in society.

A Bowl Of Cherries...My Presentation in the class.

"Life isn't always a bowl of cherries" is what every body says! It seems that nobody has the guts to disagree with this saying and make a different in this world. In the 21th century, the majority of students in our region are not happy with their department of study, and their knowledge is at the lowest level. This is the biggest problem of education and for students' creativity because it makes the students' ability for creation to be in the lowest stages, and makes the students study without ambition.

There are some reasons behind this huge dilemma: First, is that our country is underdeveloped, which made our system of education suffer with luck of experience and experts, and this causes any attepts of changing our system to go so slowly. Studies and themes that are no longer relevent, and the system of education is entirely based on traditional methods.

In Iraq, Saddam Hussein's regime maintained authoritaritarian control over much of society, including the educational system. The education system still remains unchanged. The only changes which happened in our system is just drop out Saddam Hussein's pictures and speechs in books, but leaving with the same ideas.

This system of education continues to encourge students in military matters and about strugles against enimies of the Arabs. Many of examples and reading passages dealt only with deserts, bedouin culture, and arab customs. But Arabs are not the only peoples in either Iraq or the middle East. In the Kurdistan region, we have to argumented the program to both cover human rights and democracy tarining, as well as provide explanaitions more relevant to the pupils' culture and environment.

The second resion is related to security which is always at risk, and this makes our country's infrastructure to be so damaged especially institution of higher education, and foreign experts would not dare to help us with rebuilding it. This is the basic reason behind it which makes the majority of our people study a subject that would help them to make alot of money without carring about their skills. For example, pharmacy is what every body thinks about, but art is raerly wanted.

The fourth reason is our rebellion in 1991. This rebellion changed our society from an illiterate society to another that cares about education and learning. This made our schools and universities full of students. For instance, according to 2007 survey published by the KRG, more that 1,100,000 students are now studying in schools. This is a large number in our small region, and another resercher shows that above 75% of our region's budget goes into civil-servants' salaries. This makes our government pressure universities to accept as many students as the government might need.

In our primaries, secondaries, and high schools we initialy had to have two, three, or four shifts of students in each school, since we simply did not have enough classrooms. Most of the times, there are as many as 60 pupils in a class!

The fifth reason related to our thought which make students avoid studying some subjests. For example, it is so shameful to study veternery in our society.

The sixth reason is power. It is an important component in Iraq-0Kurdistan's higher education system. the universities like most public and private institutions in the region are run by the two main parties, the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan and the Kurdistan Democratic party. These parties have made it clear that they don't want to universities be challenged. For example, many lectures have been punished for speaking against the political system in Kurdistan. They also have all power in universities. They can choose their members to study in universities by receiving"special acceptance," meaning they relied on a powerful personal connectio-usually through one of the main parties.

The seventh reason is a result from some of the terrible decisions by the Ministry of Education in the Kurdistan. According to the Ministry of higher Education in the Kurdistan,” It is not allowed for any students to apply for the universities in Kurdistan that their scores from the high school are less than 70%.” In my opinion, it is one of the biggest sins that the government committed against the students because it is clear that thousands of the students will lose their future because of it. Also, I completely disagree with this decision because it’s cause to luck of knowledge in our region. If a student is be one who complete in body, mind… etc. So, why he do not have a right to study? This is make clear for us that those who get high marks are clever; otherwise, they are lazy, but I don’t think so because some students might be very clever, but they might get low marks because of some problems in their life. In spite the fact that, they have these many problems, the government just care about their scores without searching or discussing the students’ problems. The government’s purpose behind this decision is to encourage the students to study hard, but I also disagree because I don’t think they will provide this rule for the sake of improving the process of education, they provided this rule because there are not enough places in the our universities for the students. According to the Minister of the higher Education in Kurdistan, “Our universities cannot accept these large numbers of the students, so we obliged to provide this rule to solve this problem.” Therefore, we can easily figure out that the government holds a very wrong way to solve the students’ problems. So, the government must try to increase the number of the universities to solve this problem instead of thinking about some rules that hurt the students and make them to lose their future.

The eighth reason is refers to the rule to accept the students in the colleges, it means choosing the colleges to study is not up to the students’ minds. They will accept from the colleges by comparing their scores. So, most of the times, they will accept from the college that completely unwanted by them, and there isn’t any connection between the college that accept them and their skills. I disagree with this rule because it will luck the process of education from being improvement, if a student accepted from the college that is not desirable by him, he will not be succeed with it, and he will leave it because he might not be passed. Even if he finished it, he cannot be a succeed person with his position because he might not be a one who has more experiences with his job. For example, when I finished high school last year, I accepted from the college of physic at the Salahadden’s University. That college was completely different with my hobby. So, I’m sure that I will not finish it, and I will quit study if AUIS wouldn’t accept me because I don’t have any desire with physic. Believe it or not, 90% percent of our students have the same problem, they are not happy with their departments. So, the government should think about solving this problem more deeply. It has to give the students a right to choose any departments that they will happy and enjoy with it to help the students improve their skills and the process of education in our region.

But inspite these problems, Iraq-Kurdistan government has long promised reform and improvements in higher education and to create a bright future for its youth. But so far, it has been only talk. As the potential leaders in higher education in Iraq, it is time that we want to see some action because we are restless and eager to learn new methods. If the government is serious about improving education, it needs to devote resources to providing basic services for students such as electricity, water, dormetory, and modern books. The curricula will also need to be modernized. This will be costly, but entirely necessary.

Another one is our economic increase. They can also be benefited from the arrival of Arab academics who have fled sectarian violence in centural and southern parts of the country, and Kurdish intellectuals who have returned from Europe and elsewhere. They should also bring excellent new universities like The American university of Iraq-Sulaimani. Byond resources, the system needs an overhaul. Equality and democracy need to be practiced, not preached.

In spite the fact that our economic is being really increase right now, but poverty is one of the biggest obstacle in front of the students to be continue with their study. There is not an enough financial aid for the students by the government. So, many students are obliging to quit their studying because their families cannot help them, and they leave their schools and universities to work for their families. Also, many students are working during their study, so it makes them suffer many problems with their study, and finally they oblige to quit studying. Therefore, the government should think about this problem and tries the best to realize the students and their families from this problem.


In brief, the system education in Kurdistan could prove to be shining example to universities in the rest of the country, if significant are made to the way it is administrated because over the next decades, Iraq will continue to face many challenges that will require open-minded citizens who can think critically, in order to lead the country. the disillusioned younger generation needs to acquire the skills and knowledge that are currently not offered in Iraqi's kurdistan less these problems-which are crippling education in Kurdistan-could jeoparadize the future of Iraqi Kurdistan and Iraq. So, we are waiting for our government to cover the whole region in cherries!

Some Forbidden Things are Desirable

Many things are forbidden to people through different beliefs, religions, laws and policies. People also have individual or family beliefs that set boundaries for their life for things that are forbidden or wrong. These beliefs are generally regarded as our moral values.

Different religions have rituals and beliefs that set them apart from each other. People who believe in a certain religion follow those beliefs, teachings, and foundations to honor their God, leaders and cultural beliefs. Some beliefs are common among religions but forbidden to others such as alcohol. Cultures and religions that allow alcohol to be prevalent in society expose that temptation to minorities living within it. So, an individual whose beliefs are not to partake in alcohol may have the desire to try it as they see and hear from others what it is like.

Laws are set to protect people to make things forbidden to us as individuals, but again these laws are different depending on the country or culture in which we live. If people disobey the laws of that state, they are disciplined accordingly. As briefly detailed, there are many ways in which things are forbidden, but it does not mean that they are not desirable.

Some examples of things that are forbidden but are desirable:

In this country drugs have different classifications that determine whether they are legal or not. A drug that may be illegal in this country does not mean that it has that classification in another country. Therefore, people see the use of a certain drug in another country is desirable, but they know that it is forbidden in this country.

In some countries it is forbidden to have more than one wife or husband, but in other cultures this practice is acceptable. This practice is more common in the countries that is not allowed rather than the countres that they allowed it. For instance, in Kurdistan, at first, the government decided to not allowed bigamy or polygamy, but after a while, the government regret from its rule for that because they see that this practice will rise up step by step as a result of forbiding. So, they removed that rule from the Kurdistan. Although, men could have a right to have more than one wife in Kurdistan, this practice goes to be less than as compared to that time when it was not allowed by the government. Therefore, we can see that people might do it because of their hatred to the government. For example, most of the people disobey to that rule because they said we have more important problems than bigamy or polygamy to solve that the government should solve instead of them such as corruption, theifing the fortune of Kurdistan by the leaders, and rebuild our land. For example, there was a man in Ranya, he was get marry with a second woman at the time of forbidden, so the government arrested him. Then, he called to the court the gudge has asked him, why you did that? Before he answered him, he has asked the judge, why don't you call the thiefers in the governmetn to stop corruption instead of arresteing me? So, we can see that sometimes people break the rules just because of their hatred to the government, or for being famous. That guy was very brave when he get marriage twice because he was sure that he'll be arrest. He got to be famous by writting some articles about him, or publishing his picture in the newspapers because at the end of the trail he has told the judge that I'll do it only because of two reasons. First, my hatred for the government. Second, I would like to see myself in a newspapers and medias!

I know that stealing is not right therefore it is forbidden for me to do it. The next person, however, could know that it is forbidden, but does it because they get pleasure from doing it, or they are in financial difficulties that make them desperate to do it. Through different media (news or movies) we see people who are financially secure but have a desire to steal for the excitement and challenge involved in doing it.

To sum up, even if we view something as forbidden and undesiriable, it does not mean that the next person sees it the same way. We are individuals with choices in life, and it is up to us to be satisfied with our personal choices.

I Love You My Dear Mother

My mother! I promise that will never forget you.............

Right now, I am a student at the American University of Iraq-Sulaimani. It is really interesting for me because it has a modern system of education. Also I could see one of the biggest dreams in my life which is learning to speak English.

Dr. Roger: Copying Someone Else's Work without Aknowledgment is Unethical, Dishonorable, and Speaks to Luck of Character.

Interviewed by:

Mahdi Abdulla
Kurdistan- Sulaimani; March 31, 2009__Dr. Roger has taught undergraduate, graduate MBA, and executive development courses to business professionals for the last ten years. He is now the assistant professor of C.S and Business Administration of the American University of Iraq-Sulaimani. Here are some questions that he answered me about the studying, copying, and plagiarism.

What do you think of studying – What is studying?Studying is NOT merely doing homework. To get the most out of the process of studying you are trying for a deeper understanding of the subject or topic by synthesizing a range of different resources into your own thinking. Some of these resources include lecture notes, discussions with teachers, your own peers, and perhaps others on the Internet, as well as doing practice problems and simulations. Thinking critically, creatively, and reflectively about the information gathered and learned, while always having a questioning attitude, will often lead to a richer understanding of a topic or subject.

What do you think of modern education? – This is a hard question. In many ways, the basics of teaching and learning have remained the same through the millennia. Education has always included a process of transferring knowledge from one individual to another; from one group to another. Today, however, education not only includes the acquisition of knowledge but is also concerned with how this knowledge is wielded within a larger, global context. Modern education, I believe, must also acknowledge the acceleration and creation of new information and knowledge as it flows seamlessly and transparently across the Internet. The transformations taking place in our world will require new ways of thinking and acquisition of new skill sets. It will be up to ‘modern education to help students meet these new challenges successfully.

What is Your opinion about Copying material /Plagiarism? – Copying someone else’s work without acknowledgement is unethical, dishonorable, and speaks to a lack of character. It should be avoided at all costs. If you wish to ‘stand on the shoulders of giants’[i], whoever they may be, you must also be prepared to acknowledge them.I really do not have a good ‘feel’ whether or not we have a significant problem here at the University.No one likes a cheater. Plagiarism is cheating. The act is dishonorable and a discredit to one’s self. Personally, if I have a friend who is wonderful in every respect, but I discover they are a cheat, they are soon not my friend. I think it is important for students to understand that the process of cheating robs them of the opportunity to learn and more importantly retards the process of building one’s character, confidence, and self-respect.

Have you ever cheated? At my University – The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA – students abided by an honor code which was reinforced every time we took a test or turned in an assignment. Through the integrity of our signature, we attested to the fact that ‘we neither gave or received assistance’ in completing our work. Anyone caught violating this honor pledge ran the risk of being kicked out of the University. I am sure there were some violations of the University’s honor code but during my three years of study, the honor code loomed large for me. You pretty much did your own work and so did everyone else.